A prime lens is a lens with a fixed
focal length, ie. not a
zoom lens. Prime lenses or primes tend to be of better optical quality compared to a zoom lens and usually come in a matched set. Primes can also be faster and often have a maximum
aperture of f1.8 meaning they can be used in lower light conditions. Primes are sometimes known as superspeed for this reason. There are number of prime lens manufacturers offering lenses from superwide and
fish eye to very long
telephoto and everything in between.